January 2006

Letter from the Director

Happy New Year!

I just received my 2006 calendar and it’s already filled with activities and trainings connected to the mission of the National Center for School Engagement (NCSE), which is to promote school success for at-risk students and their families by improving school engagement. This new year presents exciting opportunities for NCSE. Here’s a preview of what to expect from NCSE in 2006:

  • To improve our access to you, NCSE now has a toll free number - 1-888-272-0454.

  • The Research and Publication section of our website will be updated to include our latest research on truancy reduction and impacts of bullying. Also by popular request we will post copies of our presentations.

  • NCSE is currently in the process of validating a student attachment survey to measure student engagement. Revisions to the survey will be completed in the next few months. See related article by Krystina Finlay, PhD featured in this e-newsletter.

  • We are also remodeling our web-based data collection system called TRAIN (Truancy Reduction Application Interface). TRAIN is designed for collecting and analyzing data on the progress of students receiving attendance support services. This is being done to incorporate new technology and expand coverage to a broader variety of truancy reduction programs. The new model of TRAIN should be on track in March.

  • NCSE is gearing-up for the next phase of the Web-Based Professional Development Project, which focuses on improving educational practices in schools and communities for homeless and highly mobile students. Later this year, we will report the research findings of the 2005-2006 teams. In the next few months we will begin recruiting national teams for the 2006-2007 school year. These teams will work together in their communities and participate online through a web-based community to conduct research.

  • Development of NCSE’s strategic plan for 2006-2007 is well underway and will be completed in the first quarter of 2006. The planning process began last year with the development of an advisory council. Details of the plan will be featured in upcoming issues of NCSE-News.

The topic for this month’s newsletter is student engagement. The featured article looks at factors that impact student engagement. In honor of National Mentoring Month, the Resources & Research section highlights information specific to mentoring, which is a proven strategy to increase school engagement. Please make a special note of our Hot Topics section. NCSE is developing a handbook for truancy case managers and needs your help. Case managers are invited to submit short essays to be included in the handbook. Go to Hot Topic for details.

We are in the process of identifying topics for future editions of NCSE-News. Please email your suggestions to me at JMartinez@coloradofoundation.org

Thank you,

Judith Martinez

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Taking Steps to Measure Student Engagement

By Krystina Finlay, PhD

At NCSE we believe that it is not only important to keep students in school but also to keep them engaged in school. School engagement refers to students and families being actively involved in learning at school, and involves the community as well. We have been exploring various theories and measures of school engagement as it pertains specifically to the student (i.e. “student engagement”). Student engagement is a multi-faceted construct and has many definitions. Most engagement theories include emotional, cognitive, and behavioral aspects although they are not necessarily labeled as such. Based on past research, Fredricks, Blumenfeld, and Paris (2004) describe each of these types of engagement:

  • Behavioral Engagement: Following rules and norms while in school; effort, persistence, and concentration pertaining to coursework; and participation in school activities.

  • Cognitive Engagement: Strategic thinking concerning problem solving, preference for challenge, psychological investment in learning.

  • Emotional Engagement: Interest, school spirit, connectedness to school peers and staff; and the lack of boredom, anxiety, sadness, and fear.

NCSE includes these types of engagement when measuring student attachment in our Student Survey. Although we are in the process of validating this instrument, we typically find that each of these types of engagement is closely related to the others. For instance, students who are behaviorally engaged are more likely to be emotionally and cognitively engaged. However, this is not to say that it is impossible for a student to be emotionally engaged in some aspects of school but not be particularly cognitively engaged. That is, a student may be involved in sports but not be interested in coursework. These three constructs, while related, are distinct. Which type of student engagement is most important is debated. See below for sample questions from the NCSE Student Survey.

Many other factors are also important to understanding engagement and attachment. For instance, school factors, such as size, opportunities for choice, and teacher to pupil ratio, can influence school engagement. Parental involvement, teacher involvement, and individual student needs are also likely to play important roles in overall school engagement. As we move forward in developing a meaningful instrument to measure student engagement, we encourage those working with students to keep in mind that all contributors can influence engagement and that the best strategy is to take into consideration as many of these as possible in an effort to keep youth interested and learning in school.

Sample questions from NCSE Student Survey

Questions are listed by type of engagement:

  • Behavioral Engagement: I follow the rules at school. Question is scaled from 1 to 5 ranging from Always, Often, Sometimes, Seldom, and Never.

  • Cognitive Engagement: When I read a book, I ask myself questions to make sure I understand what it is about. Question is scaled from 1 to 5 ranging from Always, Often, Sometimes, Seldom, and Never.

  • Emotional Engagement: Most of my teachers care about how I’m doing. Question is scaled from 1 to 4 ranging from Strongly agree to Strongly disagree.

Reference:
Fredricks, JA, Blumenfeld, PC, & Paris, AH (2004). School Engagement: Potential of the Concept, State of the Evidence. Review of Educational Research, 74, 59-109.

Krystina Finlay is a Senior Research & Policy Analyst with the Colorado Foundation for Families and Children. She also works on projects on behalf of the National Center for School Engagement.

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The "Hot Topic" for the month is case management to improve school attendance.

NCSE is developing a Handbook for Truancy Case Managers who work with targeted youth to increase their school attendance. As part of this effort NCSE is inviting case managers to submit short essays describing successes, challenges and lessons learned to be included in our manual. We will make the downloadable handbook freely available on our website. As an incentive to participate NCSE will hold a drawing. The names of all case managers who make a submission by February 28, 2006, will be entered in a drawing for one of nine Best Buy gift cards valued at $20 each. Click here for details on submitting an essay.

Case management is a fundamental component of many truancy reduction programs across the country, yet little guidance is available to new case managers who must constantly reinvent the wheel in order to develop strategies that work. We believe that this handbook will be a valuable resource to you and your colleagues.

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Funding Opportunities

Department of Education - Will provide nearly $38 billion this year to states and school districts to improve elementary and secondary schools and meet the special needs of students. Visit the Dept. of Education website to search fund opportunities.


Find and apply online for competitive grant opportunities from all Federal grant-making agencies.


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January is recognized as

National Mentoring Month

Research shows that youth who meet regularly with their mentors are 52% less likely than their peers to skip a day of school and 37% less likely to skip a class. Source: Making a Difference: An Impact Study of Big Brothers/Big Sisters, Joseph P. Tierney and Jean Baldwin, with Nancy Resch, 2000.

For more information on mentoring, visit these sites:

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Conferences and Trainings

12th Annual Alternatives to Expulsion, Suspension & Dropping Out of School

Sponsored by International Center for the Study of Social Issues

Location: Rosen Centre Hotel, Orlando, FL

Dates: February 16 – 18, 2006
For more information contact Barbara McClure-Lukens
University of Wisconsin-Green Bay
Outreach and Extension

Phone: 920-465-2552, email: mcclureb@uwgb.edu

Conference goals:
Share insights into the causes and problems related to school expulsions, suspensions and dropouts. Learn how schools across the country are dealing with students who are considered delinquent, violent, or dangerous.


Foundation, Inc."Beyond School Hours: A New Twist on Afterschool"
Location: Wyndham Anatole in Dallas, TX
Dates: February 19-22, 2006

This conference offers an opportunity to discover best practices, network among peers, share success stories, and learn about the latest trends in education that affect programs.


2006 National Afterschool Conference

Location: Louisville, KY

Dates: February 23-25, 2006


Blueprints for Violence Prevention Initiative at the Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence

Location: Adams Mark Hotel, Denver, CO

Dates: March 13-15, 2006

The goal of the conference is to disseminate science-based information on youth violence, delinquency, and drug prevention programs.
To obtain further information about the conference and to register online, please visit the conference web-site.


17th National Youth Crime Prevention Conference and International Forum

Sponsored by Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and Youth Crime Watch of America.

Location: Ogden Eccles Conference Center, Ogden, UT

Dates: March 20 – 23, 2006

Designed for youth ages 12-22 and the adults who work with them, the conference will feature roundtable discussions involving youth and offer six-hour professional development seminars for adult participants. For further information, contact S. J. Wild at 305-670-2409 or e-mail sjwild@ycwa.org.


33rd National Conference on Juvenile Justice

National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges and are National District Attorneys Association are sponsoring this event.

Location: Hyatt Denver Convention Center Hotel, Denver, CO

Dates: March 26-29, 2006
Conference registration is open to all Judges, Prosecutors, Defense Counsel, Police, Juvenile Officers, Probation Officers, Correction Workers, Aftercare Workers, Detention Workers, Victims Service Workers, School Administrators, Teachers, Child Welfare Personnel, Planners, Legislators, PTA and Community Resource Groups, School Boards, Social Workers, Private Service Providers, Guardians ad Litem, CASAs, and all interested groups and persons.

For more information or to register call 703-549-9222 or visit the conference website.

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NCSE is an initiative of the
Colorado Foundation for
Families and Children


www.schoolengagement.org

toll free number 1-888-272-0454




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